The fotovoltaica solar energy is the main variety of the used system to generate usable solar energy. To facilitate the understanding of the basic system, the practical one of the generation of electricity or thermal energy from the light of the sun means that it has the conversion of an alternative power plant in a more common and necessary component of the daily life. This is a subject for a dissertao of mestrado therefore the possibilities of application of the technology is inexhaustible. To implement the exploitation of virtually an inexhaustible energy source in the society human being is part important of the strategies of many governments to move away itself from practical energy the not sustainable ones and for the existence of a sustainable environment. The fotovoltaicos systems are capable to collect the solar light and to convert it into energy. To implement same, calorific and the generally later electric one, in the vehicles of human transport is nowadays a priority of all the scientists. To create the solar energy, one fotovoltaica cell or PV is necessary.
The fotovoltaica cell has extra a loaded surface with electrons, and one second surface that has atoms with positive load. When the light happens in a fotovoltaica cell and is absorbed, the electron excess if it excites, quicando in the positive load surface and creating an electric chain. This electric chain is the solar energy that now can be used as useful energy source to the human being. The fotovoltaicas cells can be organized in set to create power plants of different sizes. The small arrangements, called modules, can be used in the electronics to give power in the same way that it makes it a battery. Great groups of fotovoltaicas cells can be used for the construction of solar panels capable to generate enormous amounts of solar energy. Depending on the size of the matrix and the amount of light of the available sun, index generally raised in all the country, the systems of solar energy can generate energy enough to make to function houses, plants, or also to contribute to a large extent with the energy necessities of an urban zone.